The Drone Democratisation: When Non-State Actors Outfly State Militaries

The skies are no longer the exclusive domain of states. The rapid spread of affordable drones is reshaping modern warfare and empowering non-state actors with unprecedented aerial capabilities.

In this commentary, BIPSS Research Assistant Farhana Rashid discusses how the “democratisation of air power” is changing the balance between states and non-state actors, while creating new security challenges.From ISIS and the Houthis to armed groups in Myanmar, the commentary explores how low-cost drones are being used for surveillance, disruption and strategic attacks.
It further examines the growing role of AI, autonomous systems and drone swarms in the future of warfare.With particular focus on South Asia and Bangladesh, the commentary highlights the need for stronger counter-drone preparedness, border security and regional cooperation.