Looking Back at 2025: What Bangladesh Experienced and What It Exposed

BIPSS Research Assistant Jannatul Toba Jhumu observed that 2025 marked a defining year for Bangladesh. She explores the fragility of Bangladesh’s political, economic, and social order following the July uprising. While the year carried strong aspirations for democratic renewal and institutional reform, she noted that deep-rooted governance gaps, weak implementation capacity, deteriorating law and order, rising political polarization, economic stagnation, and the normalization of mob justice continued to undermine meaningful transformation.

She emphasized that Bangladesh’s experience in 2025 demonstrates that political rupture alone is insufficient to deliver durable change. Effective reform, she argued, requires restoring public security, safeguarding civic space, embedding human rights protections, strengthening institutional capacity, and ensuring credible political legitimacy through accountable governance. The path forward, she concluded, will depend on sustained political discipline, coherent reform implementation, and a firm commitment to rule of law so that state institutions can regain public trust and meet citizens’ expectations in a post-uprising context.